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Throggs Neck (also known as Throgs Neck) is a narrow spit of land in the southeastern portion of the borough of the Bronx in New York City. It demarcates the passage between the East River (an estuary), and Long Island Sound. "Throggs Neck" is also the name of the neighborhood of the peninsula, bounded on the north by East Tremont Avenue and Baisley Avenue, on the west by Westchester Creek, and on the other sides by the River and the Sound. The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 10.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/lucds/bx10profile.pdf )〕 Throggs Neck was largely exempt from the severe urban decay that affected much of the Bronx in the 1970s. Throggs Neck is at the northern approach to the Throgs Neck Bridge, which connects the Bronx with the neighborhood of Bay Terrace in the borough of Queens on Long Island. The Throgs Neck Lighthouse formerly stood at its southern tip. Historically, the correct spelling is with two Gs, and while NYC Parks Commissioner and Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority Chairman Robert Moses officially shortened it to one G after deciding that two would not fit on many of the street signs, long-time residents continue to recognize the traditional spelling. On September 17, 2012, News12 (Bronx) reported a story about the differences in spelling.〔Video: (Throgs Neck or Throggs Neck? )〕 The landscape is a long breezy bluff about 50 to 60 ft above the water. There are two beaches below and along Indian Trail, the latter, a popular place to live that is right on the river. From the southern end of Indian trail, Ft Schuyler is visible at the tip of Throggs Neck (this area is referred to as "strawberry fields"). At the northern end the trail opens up into a common area that the locals call the "green grass". From there, there are nice views of the Throggs Neck Bridge to the left and the Whitestone Bridge to the right. Beneath the Whitestone Bridge the Manhattan skyline straddles the western horizon. Both strawberry fields and the green grass were popular drinking spots for teenagers in the area. ==History== The peninsula was called ''Vriedelandt'', "Land of Peace", by the New Netherlanders. The current name comes from John Throckmorton, English immigrant and associate of Roger Williams in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The Dutch allowed Throckmorton to settle in this peripheral area of New Amsterdam in 1642, with thirty-five others.〔〔Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace, ''Gotham, a History of New York City to 1898'' (1999, p. 37, giving "Throgmorton").〕 At this time, the peninsula was also known as Maxson's point as the Maxson family (Richard, Rebecca, John, etc.) lived there. Many of the settlers, including Anne Hutchinson and her family, were murdered in a 1643 uprising of Native Americans. Throckmorton returned to Rhode Island. In 1668, the peninsula appeared on maps as "Frockes Neck". The peninsula was virtually an island at high tide. In 1776, George Washington's headquarters wrote of a potential British landing at "Frogs Neck". At the bridge over Westchester Creek, now represented by an unobtrusive steel and concrete span at East Tremont Avenue near Westchester Avenue, General Howe did make an unsuccessful effort to cut off Washington's troops in October 1776; when the British approached, the Americans ripped up the plank bridge and opened a heavy fire that forced Howe to withdraw and change his plans; six days later he landed troops at Rodman's Neck to the north, on the far side of Eastchester Bay.〔''WPA Guide'' p.547〕 A farm in the area owned by the Stephenson family was sold in 1795 to Abijah Hammond, who built a large mansion (later the offices of the Silver Beach Garden Corporation). In the 19th century, the area remained the site of large farms, converted into estates. About 1848 members of the Morris family purchased a large parcel of land and built two mansions and many cottages and service buildings, reached by a private dock in Morris Cove at the end of what is now Emerson Avenue, where they had nearly a mile of shoreline.〔(Throg's Neck lots: Morris estates will sell 1,600 waterfront bungalow properties, ''The New York Times'', 6 August 1922 ) accessed 23 November 2010.〕 After the Civil War, Collis P. Huntington, the railroad builder, purchased an extensive parcel just north of the Morris estate,〔''The WPA Guide to New York'', (1939, repr. 1982), p.546.〕 which his heirs held until they were almost the last estate on Throggs Neck. Here Frederick C. Havemeyer, the sugar magnate, also had a country place. Throgs Neck Park, a public park〔(NYC Parks: Throgs Neck Park )〕 that faces Throggs Neck from the opposite shore at the end of Myers Street, was acquired as a public place in 1836.〔McNamara, ''s.v.'' "Throgs Neck Park".〕 From 1833 to 1856, the construction of Fort Schuyler brought in laborers and craftsmen, many of whom were immigrants from Ireland, to settle in the area with their families. By the late 19th century, the area had developed into a fashionable but more public summer resort, which also contained large German beer gardens,〔''WPA Guide'' p. 546.〕 to which the residents of Yorkville arrived by steamboat service up the East River. The 19th-century steamboat landing at Ferris Dock on Westchester Creek stood at present-day Brush Avenue north of Wenner Place; the road to it bore the name of the steamboat ''Osseo''.〔McNamara, ''s.v.'' "Ferris Dock".〕 The Ferris family were 18th-century residents, whose Ferris Point at the southeast corner of the Throggs Neck neighborhood now supports the Hutchinson River Parkway (formerly Ferris Lane)〔McNamara, ''s.v.'' "Ferris Lane".〕 overhead ramp to the Bronx-Whitestone Bridge and Ferry Point Park. In the decades after the incorporation of the Bronx into the City of Greater New York in 1898, transit lines were extended to the neighborhood, bringing in many Italian farmers and tradesmen. In the 1920s the large estates largely became converted into smaller row homes and densely built bungalow lots.〔 Also, the Peters and Sorgenfrel families formed Silver Beach Garden (named for the color of the beach at low tide), a summer colony of bungalows that were later adapted for year-round use; most of the streets were named for flowers and trees found on the Hammond estate. Residents owned their houses but rented the land when they joined together to buy it. In 1932, Fort Schuyler closed as an active military installation and became the campus for cadets of the State University of New York Maritime College. A 1929–39 pair of plans to expand the subway system with a Second Avenue Subway branch to Throggs Neck did not come to pass. By 1961, with the construction of the Throggs Neck Bridge, as well as the adjacent parkways, the neighborhood lost its comparative isolation. The last two of several large and handsome 18th-century Ferris houses in the neighborhood lasted until the 1960s, when the James Ferris house overlooking Eastchester Bay was hastily demolished in 1962 and the Watson Ferris house was demolished in 1964 by its occupants, the Tremont Terrace Moravian Church. The James Ferris house had been commandeered by Admiral Richard Howe as his headquarters in October 1776, when James Ferris was sent to the prison hulks in New York harbor, where he died in 1780.〔McNamara, ''s.v.'' "Ferris House (1-7)"; ''WPA Guide'', East Bronx map p. 545.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Throggs Neck」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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